Active and Passive Sentence
In linguistics, grammatical construction, a number of governing models that all subscribe to the idea that the knowledge of the language is based on a collection of "partner forms and functions". The "function" side includes what is generally understood as meaning, content, or purpose; It typically extends over both the field of conventional semantics and pragmatic languages. There are two types of voice phrases namely, active voice (active sentence) and passive voice (passive sentence)
1. Theory Definition
Active Voice
Active Voice (Sentence On) is a sentence whose subject is doing something or doing a job. In Indonesian the feature of active sentences is that the verb is always beginning with "mew" and some have a "ber" prefix. In this active voice, we simply use the basic form of the verbs (verbs) in the preparation of the sentence.
Passive Voice
Passive Voice is a grammatical construction (specifically, specifically, a "voice"). The noun word or phrase that will be the object of the active sentence, appears as the subject of the sentence in a passive voice. In Indonesian passive sentences are usually followed by a prefix in- or ter-. For example if the active sentence stepped on then passive sentence to be hit or shouldered.
2. Formulas
Active Voice
|
Active Voice Formula:
Example:
Active voice: I eat a pear.
Passive Voice
|
Passive voice formulas:
* By agent: actor of action
Example:
Passive voice: A pear is eat by me.
3. Sentence Characteristics
Active Voice
In the active subject the subject performs a direct action on the object.
The Active Sentence has an S-P-O-K or S-P-K pattern The active sentence sequence always begins with a Me- or Ber-affix.
Active sentence requires the object, After got the subject predicate plus complement or description.
Pasive Voice
To be + V3 and word by (this word is not a requirement that must exist in a passive sentence)
Which can be used as a passive sentence is Verbal Sentence (a sentence that predikatnya verb / V)
Verbal sentence that can be changed to Passive Voice (passive sentence) is a sentence that has a patient object.
Active change to passive or vice versa does not change the meaning of sentences. The change occurs only in the structure of the sentence only.
4. Pattern of active and passive voice on tensis
There is a pattern yan formed on the use of Active voice and Pasive voice, which is as follows:
If active voice is in simple present tense, then the 'be' passive voice is is, am
If active voice is in perfect continuous tense, then the 'be' passive voice is (has / have) been + being.
If active voice is in the past perfect continuous tense, then the 'be' passive voice is had been + being.
If active voice is in future continuous tense, then the 'be' passive voice is will be + being.
If active voice is in past future continuous tense, then its 'be' passive voice is would be + being.
If active voice is in the future perfect continuous tense, then the 'be' passive voice is will have been + be.
If active voice in the past future is perfect continuous tense, then the 'be' passive voice is would have been + being
If active voice is in simple past tense, then the 'be' passive voice is was or were
If active voice in present perfect tense, then 'be' passive voice is been placed after auxiliary has or have, so be 'has been' or 'have been'
If active voice is in the past perfect tense, then the 'be' passive voice is the one that is placed after the auxiliary had, so that it has been
If active voice is in simple future tense, then the 'be' passive voice is be
If active voice is in the future perfect tense, then the 'be' passive voice is already being placed after the auxiliary will have, so that 'will have been'
If active voice in the past future perfect tense, then the 'be' passive voice is the one that is placed after the auxiliary would have, so that 'would have been'
If active voice is in present continuous tense, then the 'be' passive voice is (is, am or are) +
If active voice is in the past continuous tense, then the 'be' passive voice is (was or were) + being
5. Sample Sentences
Below is an example of Active voice and Pasive voice sentences, namely:
Active voice
Active : Tony meets them everyday ( Tony memenuhi mereka sehari-hari).
Active : Andine waters this plant every two days (Andine menyiram tanaman ini setiap dua hari).
Active : He met them yesterday (Ia bertemu mereka kemarin)
Active : She watered this plant this morning (Dia menyiram tanaman ini pagi ini)
Active : He has met them (Dia telah bertemu dengan mereka)
Active : She has watered this plant for 10 minutes.( Dia telah disiram tanaman ini selama 10 menit).
Active : He had met them before I came. ( Dia telah bertemu dengan mereka sebelum aku datang)
Active : She had watered this plant for 10 minutes when I got here (Dia telah menyiram tanaman ini selama 10 menit ketika aku di sini)
Active : He will meet them tomorrow (Ia akan bertemu mereka besok)
Active : She will water this plant this afternoon (Dia akan air tanaman ini siang ini)
Active : The farmers are going to harvest the crops next week (Para petani akan panen tanaman minggu depan)
Active : He will have met them before I get there tomorrow ( Ia akan telah bertemu dengan mereka sebelum aku sampai di sana besok)
Active : She will have watered this plant before I get here this afternoon (Dia akan telah menyiram tanaman ini sebelum saya mendapatkan di sini siang ini)
Active : He would have met them ( Ia akan telah bertemu dengan mereka)
Active : She would have watered this plant (Dia akan memiliki menyiram tanaman ini)
Active : Andine waters this plant every two days (Andine menyiram tanaman ini setiap dua hari).
Active : He met them yesterday (Ia bertemu mereka kemarin)
Active : She watered this plant this morning (Dia menyiram tanaman ini pagi ini)
Active : He has met them (Dia telah bertemu dengan mereka)
Active : She has watered this plant for 10 minutes.( Dia telah disiram tanaman ini selama 10 menit).
Active : He had met them before I came. ( Dia telah bertemu dengan mereka sebelum aku datang)
Active : She had watered this plant for 10 minutes when I got here (Dia telah menyiram tanaman ini selama 10 menit ketika aku di sini)
Active : He will meet them tomorrow (Ia akan bertemu mereka besok)
Active : She will water this plant this afternoon (Dia akan air tanaman ini siang ini)
Active : The farmers are going to harvest the crops next week (Para petani akan panen tanaman minggu depan)
Active : He will have met them before I get there tomorrow ( Ia akan telah bertemu dengan mereka sebelum aku sampai di sana besok)
Active : She will have watered this plant before I get here this afternoon (Dia akan telah menyiram tanaman ini sebelum saya mendapatkan di sini siang ini)
Active : He would have met them ( Ia akan telah bertemu dengan mereka)
Active : She would have watered this plant (Dia akan memiliki menyiram tanaman ini)
Pasive voice
Passive : They are met by him everyday ( Mereka bertemu dengannya setiap hari).
Passive : This plant is watered by her every two days ( Tanaman ini disiram oleh dia setiap dua hari)
Passive : They were met by him yesterday ( Mereka bertemu dengan dia kemarin)
Passive : This plant was watered by her this morning (Tanaman ini itu disiram oleh pagi ini)
Passive : They have been met by him (Mereka telah bertemu dengannya)
Passive : This plant has been watered by her for 10 minutes (Tanaman ini telah telah disiram oleh dia selama 10 menit).
Passive : They had been met by him before I came (Mereka telah terpenuhi oleh dia sebelum aku datang)
Passive : This plant had been watered by her for 10 minutes when I got here (Tanaman ini telah telah disiram oleh dia selama 10 menit ketika aku di sini)
Passive : They will be met by him tomorrow (Mereka akan bertemu dengannya besok).
Passive : This plant will be watered by her this afternoon (Tanaman ini akan disiram oleh nya sore ini)
Passive : The crops are going to be harvested by the farmers next week (Tanaman akan dipanen oleh petani minggu depan)
Passive : They will have been met by him before I get there tomorrow (Mereka akan telah dipenuhi oleh dia sebelum aku sampai di sana besok)
Passive : This plant will have been watered by her before I get here this afternoon ( Tanaman ini akan telah disiram oleh dia sebelum mendapatkan di sini sore ini)
Passive : They would have been met by him (Mereka akan telahbertemu dengannya)
Passive : This plant would have been watered by her (Tanaman ini akan telah disiram olehnya)
Passive : This plant is watered by her every two days ( Tanaman ini disiram oleh dia setiap dua hari)
Passive : They were met by him yesterday ( Mereka bertemu dengan dia kemarin)
Passive : This plant was watered by her this morning (Tanaman ini itu disiram oleh pagi ini)
Passive : They have been met by him (Mereka telah bertemu dengannya)
Passive : This plant has been watered by her for 10 minutes (Tanaman ini telah telah disiram oleh dia selama 10 menit).
Passive : They had been met by him before I came (Mereka telah terpenuhi oleh dia sebelum aku datang)
Passive : This plant had been watered by her for 10 minutes when I got here (Tanaman ini telah telah disiram oleh dia selama 10 menit ketika aku di sini)
Passive : They will be met by him tomorrow (Mereka akan bertemu dengannya besok).
Passive : This plant will be watered by her this afternoon (Tanaman ini akan disiram oleh nya sore ini)
Passive : The crops are going to be harvested by the farmers next week (Tanaman akan dipanen oleh petani minggu depan)
Passive : They will have been met by him before I get there tomorrow (Mereka akan telah dipenuhi oleh dia sebelum aku sampai di sana besok)
Passive : This plant will have been watered by her before I get here this afternoon ( Tanaman ini akan telah disiram oleh dia sebelum mendapatkan di sini sore ini)
Passive : They would have been met by him (Mereka akan telahbertemu dengannya)
Passive : This plant would have been watered by her (Tanaman ini akan telah disiram olehnya)
Convert Active Sentence into Passive
How to turn active sentences into passive is not difficult. Just put the object in the active sentence that is usually in the end of the sentence to be at the beginning of the sentence. The jam, the one thing you should remember is that the main verbs in the active sentence must be transformed into a third form and preceded by to be. The past participle in the passive sentence will not change, no matter in what tense the passive sentence is.
V1 / V2 / V3 => tobe + V3
For example: eat be is / are eaten
After you remember with the above, then the second step you should pay attention to the tense of the sentence you want to change to passive.
A. Present
1. Simple Present
Active : S + V1 + O
Passive : O + tobe + V3
Example:
a. I eat that cake. => That cake is eatean (by me).
b. She breaks the vase. => The vase is broken (by her).
Present Future
Aktif : S + will + V1 + O
Pasif : O + Will + be + V3
Example:
a. I will do the homework. => The homework will be done (by me).
b. My boss will accept my plan. => My plan will be accepted (by my boss).
3. Present Perfect
Aktif : S + Have/Has + V3 + O
Pasif : O + Have/Has + been + V3
Contoh :
a. You have taken the pencil. => The pencil has been taken (by you).
b. He has written a letter. => A letter has been written (by him).
4. Present Continuous
Aktif : S + tobe + V-ing + O
Pasif : O + tobe + being + V3
Contoh :
a. They are destroying that big building. => That big building is being destroyed.
b. He is eating a huge cake. => A huge cake is being eaten.
5. Present Future Perfect
Aktif : S + Will + Have + V3 + O
Pasif : O + Will + Have + been + V3
Contoh :
a. We will have finished all the tasks. => All the tasks will have been finished (by us).
b. Next month, he will have finished his paper. => Next month, his paper will have been finished (by him).
6. Present Future Continuous
Aktif : S + Will + Have + been + V-ing
Pasif : O + Will + Have + been + being + V3
Contoh :
a. I will have been cooking the dinner soon. => The dinner will have been being cooked soon (by me).
b. I’m sure my boss will have been firing me. => I’m sure I will have been being fired(by my boss).
7. Present Perfect Continuous
Aktif : S + Have/Has + been + V-ing + O
Pasif : O + Have/Has + been + being + V3
Contoh :
1. I have been fixing your phone. => Your phone has been being fixed (by me).
2. She has been eating all cakes. => All cakes have been being eaten (by her).
8. Present Future Perfect Continuous
Aktif : S + Will + Have + been + V-ing + O
Pasif : O + Will + Have + been + being + V3
Contoh :
1. They will have been killing me. => I will have been being killed (by them).
2. She will have been telling me the truth. => The truth will have been being told (by her).
B. Past
9. Simple Past
Aktif : S + V2 + O
Pasif : O + tobe + V3
Contoh :
a. I broke the glass. => The glass was broken (by me).
b. My mom told me. => I was told (by my mom).
10. Past Future
Aktif : S + Would + V1 + O
Pasif : O + Would + be + V3
a. I would spend the money. => The money would be spent (by me).
c. His father would hit him. => He would be hit (by his father).
11. Past Perfect
Aktif : S + Had + V3 + O
Pasif : O + Had + been + V3
a. You had eaten that food. => The food had been eaten (by you).
b. Her sister had called me for some help. => I had been called (by her sister) for some help.
12. Past Continuous
Aktif : S + tobe (was/were) + V-ing + O
Pasif : O + tobe (was/were) + being + V3
a. I was drinking a cup of coffee. => A cup of coffee was being drunk (by me)
b. His mother was cooking meal for breakfast. => Meal for breakfast was being cooked (by his mother).
13. Past Future Perfect
Aktif : S + Would + Have + V3 + O
Pasif : O + Would + Have + been + V3
Contoh :
a. They would have watched that movie. => That movie would have been watched (by them).
b. Our teacher would have taught us for 1 year. => We would have been taught (by our teacher) for 1 year.
14. Past Future Continuous
Aktif : S + Would + be + V-ing
Pasif : O + Would + be + being + V3
Contoh :
a. We would be cleaning the house. => The house would be being cleaned (by us).
b. She would be fixing your life. => Your life would be being fixed (by her)
15. Past Perfect Continuous
Aktif : S + Had + been + V-ing + O
Pasif : O + Had + been + being + V3
Contoh :
a. My cat had been eating your fish. => Your fish had been being eaten (by my cat).
b. He had been changing my life. => My life had been being changed (by him).
16. Past Future Perfect Continuous
Aktif : S + Would + Have + been + V-ing + O
Pasif : O + Would + Have + been + being + V3
Contoh :
a. My wife would have been driving the car. => The car would have been being driven (by my wife).
b. My husband would have been climbing the wall. => The wall would have been being climbed (by my husband).
PASSIVE VOICE
FUNCTIONS OF THE PASSIVE VOICE
The passive voice is used to show interest in the person or object that experiences an action rather than the person or object that performs the action. In other words, the most important thing or person becomes the subject of the sentence.
EXAMPLES
- The passive voice is used frequently. (= we are interested in the passive voice, not in who uses it.)
- The house was built in 1654. (= we are interested in the house, not in who built it.)
- The road is being repaired. (= we are interested in the road, not in the people who are doing the repairs.)
Sometimes we use the passive voice because we don't know or do not want to express who performed the action.
EXAMPLES
- I noticed that a window had been left open.
- Every year thousands of people are killed on our roads.
- All the cookies have been eaten.
- My car has been stolen!
The passive voice is often used in formal texts. Switching to the active voice will make your writing clearer and easier to read.
Passive
|
Active
|
A great deal of meaning is conveyed by a few well-chosen words.
|
A few well-chosen words convey a great deal of meaning.
|
Our planet is wrapped in a mass of gases.
|
A mass of gases wrap around our planet.
|
Waste materials are disposed of in a variety of ways.
|
The city disposes of waste materials in a variety of ways.
|
If we want to say who or what performs the action while using the passive voice, we use the preposition by. When we know who performed the action and are interested in him, it is always better to switch to the active voice instead.
Passive
|
Active
|
"A Hard Day's Night" was written by the Beatles.
|
The Beatles wrote "A Hard Day's Night".
|
The movie ET was directed by Spielberg.
|
Spielberg directed the movie ET.
|
This house was built by my father.
|
My father built this house.
|
Read more about the passive voice and active equivalents for all English verb tenses.
FORMING THE PASSIVE VOICE
The passive voice in English is composed of two elements:
the appropriate form of the verb 'to be' + past participle
the appropriate form of the verb 'to be' + past participle
Affirmative
|
Negative
|
Interrogative
|
Negative Interrogative
|
The house was built in 1899.
|
The house wasn't built in 1899.
|
Was the house built in 1899?
|
Wasn't the house built in 1899?
|
These houses were built in 1899.
|
These houses weren't built in 1899.
|
Were these houses built in 1899?
|
Weren't these houses built in 1899?
|
TO CLEAN, PASSIVE VOICE
Subject
|
+ to be (conjugated)
|
+ past participle
|
+ rest of sentence
|
Simple present
| |||
The house
|
is
|
cleaned
|
every day.
|
Present continuous
| |||
The house
|
is being
|
cleaned
|
at the moment.
|
Simple past
| |||
The house
|
was
|
cleaned
|
yesterday.
|
Past continuous
| |||
The house
|
was being
|
cleaned
|
last week.
|
Present perfect
| |||
The house
|
has been
|
cleaned
|
since you left.
|
Past perfect
| |||
The house
|
had been
|
cleaned
|
before they arrived.
|
Future
| |||
The house
|
will be
|
cleaned
|
next week.
|
Future continuous
| |||
The house
|
will be being
|
cleaned
|
tomorrow.
|
Present conditional
| |||
The house
|
would be
|
cleaned
|
if they had visitors.
|
Past conditional
| |||
The house
|
would have been
|
cleaned
|
if it had been dirty.
|
Inifinitive
| |||
The house
|
must be
|
cleaned
|
before we arrive.
|
PASSIVE VOICE WITH INFINITIVES
The infinitive passive voice is used after modal verbs and other most verbs normally followed by an infinitive.
EXAMPLES
- You have to be tested on your English grammar.
- John might be promoted next year.
- She wants to be invited to the party.
- I expect to be surprised on my birthday.
- You may be disappointed.
PASSIVE VOICE WITH GERUNDS
Gerunds are used after prepositions and verbs normally followed by a gerund.
EXAMPLES
- I remember being taught to drive.
- The children are excited about being taken to the zoo.
- The children are excited to be taken to the zoo.
- Most film stars hate being interviewed.
- Most film stars hate to be interviewed.
- Poodles like to be pampered.
- Poodles like being pampered.
USING "TO BE BORN"
"To be born" is an passive form and is most commonly used in the past tense. However, in some cases, the present or future tense is appropriate.
EXAMPLES
- I was born in 1976.
- Where were you born?
- Around 100 babies are born in this hospital every week.
- We don't know on exactly which day the baby will be born.
Sometimes the passive is formed using the verb to get or to have instead of the verb to be. A separate page deals with these alternative ways to form the passive voice.
PASSIVE VOICE TO ACTIVE VOICE
Sentences written in the active voice are easier to understand than sentences written in the passive voice. Switching the passive voice into the active voice is straightforward, but it requires a bit of practice. In the equivalency table below, notice that the tense of the verb to be in the passive voice is always the same as the tense of the main verb in the active voice. In order to use the active voice, you will have to make the subject of the action explicit.
TO KEEP, ACTIVE AND PASSIVE VOICES
Tense
|
Active voice
|
Passive voice
|
Active sentence
|
Passive equivalent
|
Simple present
|
keep
|
is kept
|
I keep the butter in the fridge.
|
The butter is kept in the fridge.
|
Present continuous
|
is keeping
|
is being kept
|
John is keeping my house tidy.
|
My house is being kept tidy.
|
Simple past
|
kept
|
was kept
|
Mary kept her schedule meticulously.
|
Mary's schedule was kept meticulously.
|
Past continuous
|
was keeping
|
was being kept
|
The theater was keeping a seat for you.
|
A seat was being kept for you.
|
Present perfect
|
have kept
|
have been kept
|
I have kept all your old letters.
|
All your old letters have been kept.
|
Past perfect
|
had kept
|
had been kept
|
He had kept up his training regimen for a month.
|
His training regimen had been kept up for a month.
|
Simple Future
|
will keep
|
will be kept
|
Mark will keep the ficus.
|
The ficus will be kept.
|
Conditional Present
|
would keep
|
would be kept
|
If you told me, I would keep your secret.
|
If you told me, your secret would be kept.
|
Conditional Past
|
would have kept
|
would have been kept
|
I would have kept your bicycle here if you had left it
|
Transitive and intransitive verbs
A transitive verb is one that is used with an object: a noun, phrase, or pronoun that refers to the person or thing that is affected by the action of the verb. In the following sentences, admire, maintain, face, and love are transitive verbs:
I admire your courage.
We need to maintain product quality.
I couldn’t face him today.
She loves animals.
Some transitive verbs can be used with a direct object and an indirect object:
Liz brought
|
her
|
a glass of water.
|
[indirect object]
|
[direct object]
| |
He sent
|
her
|
a letter.
|
[indirect object]
|
[direct object]
|
Here is a short list of some common verbs that can take a direct and indirect object:
Verb
|
Example
|
give
|
Pat gave me a book for my birthday.
|
buy
|
Can I buy you a drink?
|
pass
|
Paul passed her a cup of coffee.
|
make
|
Shall I make us some lunch?
|
sell
|
Jenny was trying to sell me her car.
|
take
|
We took Maria some flowers and wine.
|
show
|
Show me your holiday photos.
|
offer
|
The company has offered me a job.
|
leave
|
Leave me a message and I’ll get back to you.
|
wish
|
Everyone wished us all the best for the future.
|
lend
|
Could you lend me £20?
|
cost
|
Ben’s mistake cost him his job.
|
Intransitive verbs
An intransitive verb does not have an object. In the following sentences, cry, work, laugh, and talk are intransitive verbs:
The baby was crying.
I work for a large firm in Paris.
They laughed uncontrollably.
We talked for hours.
Transitive and intransitive verbs
Many verbs can be transitive or intransitive. For example:
The choir sang carols. [transitive]
Pete always sings in the bath. [intransitive]
She left London on June 6. [transitive]
I want to leave early. [intransitive]
Here is a short list of some common verbs that can be transitive or intransitive:
Verb
|
Transitive
|
Intransitive
|
move
|
Could you move your car please?
|
The trees were moving in the breeze.
|
start
|
Taylor was found guilty of starting the fire.
|
The match starts at 3 p.m.
|
change
|
Marriage hasn’t changed her.
|
The area’s changed greatly in the last decade.
|
close
|
Close your eyes; I’ve got a surprise for you.
|
Most shops here close at 5.30 p.m.
|
open
|
Open the window; it’s too hot in here!
|
The museum opens at 10 a.m.
|
stop
|
Greg tried to stop her from leaving.
|
When the rain stopped, we went for a walk.
|
do
|
Have you done your coursework?
|
Joe’s doing well in his new job.
|
set
|
Kate set a chair next to the bed.
|
The sun was setting and a red glow filled the sky.
|
run
|
Michelle used to run a restaurant.
|
The path ran over the hill.
|
live
|
Our cat lived till he was 10.
|
He was living a life of luxury abroad.
|
wash
|
Have you washed your hands?
|
I washed, dressed, and went out.
|
write
|
Write your name here.
|
Kevin couldn’t read or write.
|
5 Toefl Passive Voice
1. ‘’The boys have been told the good news.” It means ______.
A. The good news was told to the boys.
B. Somebody has told the boys the good news.
C. The good news has been told by the boys.
D. The boys have told the good news.
Jawaban : B
Keyword : have been told
Pembahasan : Berdasarkan bentuk polanya, kalimat ini adalah bentuk pasif present perfect tense. Jadi kalimat aktifnya adalah Somebody has told the boys the good news.
2. The meeting was supposed to be held yesterday, but it has been ______ to next Thursday.
A. taken off
B. worn off
C. put off
D. called off
Jawaban : C
Keyword : supposed to be held yesterday
Pembahasan : Kalimat ini bermakna sesuatu yang ditunda. Pilihan jawaban dan maknanya adalah taken off (diambil), worn off (luntur), put off (ditunda), dan called off (dibatalkan). Jadi pilihan yang tepat adalah put off.
3. The proposal ______ discussed when I called the office this morning.
A. was being
B. been
C. being
D. have been
Jawaban : A
Keyword : when I called
Pembahasan : Tense pada anak kalimat berupa past, jadi tense pada induk kalimatnya juga harus berupa past yaitu was being.
4. Black, red, and even bright pink diamonds _____
A. Occasionally to find
B. Occasionally found
C. Have occasionally been found
D. Have occasionally found
Jawaban : C
Keyword : diamonds
Pembahasan : Kalimat ini merupakan kalimat pasif.
5. Many books _____, but one of the best is “How to Win Friends and Influence People” by Dale Carniegie.
A. Have written about success
B. Written about success
C. Have been written about success
D. About successful
Jawaban : C
Keyword : Many books
Pembahasan : Kalimat ini memerlukan predikat dan bentuknya pasif.
A. The good news was told to the boys.
B. Somebody has told the boys the good news.
C. The good news has been told by the boys.
D. The boys have told the good news.
Jawaban : B
Keyword : have been told
Pembahasan : Berdasarkan bentuk polanya, kalimat ini adalah bentuk pasif present perfect tense. Jadi kalimat aktifnya adalah Somebody has told the boys the good news.
2. The meeting was supposed to be held yesterday, but it has been ______ to next Thursday.
A. taken off
B. worn off
C. put off
D. called off
Jawaban : C
Keyword : supposed to be held yesterday
Pembahasan : Kalimat ini bermakna sesuatu yang ditunda. Pilihan jawaban dan maknanya adalah taken off (diambil), worn off (luntur), put off (ditunda), dan called off (dibatalkan). Jadi pilihan yang tepat adalah put off.
3. The proposal ______ discussed when I called the office this morning.
A. was being
B. been
C. being
D. have been
Jawaban : A
Keyword : when I called
Pembahasan : Tense pada anak kalimat berupa past, jadi tense pada induk kalimatnya juga harus berupa past yaitu was being.
4. Black, red, and even bright pink diamonds _____
A. Occasionally to find
B. Occasionally found
C. Have occasionally been found
D. Have occasionally found
Jawaban : C
Keyword : diamonds
Pembahasan : Kalimat ini merupakan kalimat pasif.
5. Many books _____, but one of the best is “How to Win Friends and Influence People” by Dale Carniegie.
A. Have written about success
B. Written about success
C. Have been written about success
D. About successful
Jawaban : C
Keyword : Many books
Pembahasan : Kalimat ini memerlukan predikat dan bentuknya pasif.